Matrilineal Culture, Meghalaya; Unique culture of Meghalaya

A short speech on the Unique Culture of Meghalaya: Khasis, Garos & Jaintias.

Every person & every culture is unique in its own way. Differences is the root of beauty.

      Meghalaya is one of the very few surviving matrilineal societies in the world. The three major tribes of Meghalaya have unique matrilineal system, wherein women are the owners of the house and yet patriarchal where men govern the house as head of the family. Tracing descent is only through female lines. Gender equality is well maintained. In Meghalayan matrilineal culture, the inheritance of property generally goes to the youngest daughter of the family. The four main similarities among these three tribes are matrilocal, matrilineal descent, patriarchy and inheritance in which the youngest daughter receives the ransom properties. Garos are matrilineal but purely patriarchal. But few reports cite that some Khasi and Jaintia families are also matriarchal.

******

About:

       This video is just a portion of the speech on the programme, "Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat", a cultural exchange programme organised by MHRD, in collaboration with IIT Delhi on 9th October 2018.

Namjajok Didajok

Namjajok didajok, salan name dingtangjok,
Ada na∙ongni chabikon, jol∙ok ra∙bajolmanjok.

Badidake dakmaljok, gisik jamanga∙aljok,

Ka∙dingnaba siktaijok, mima rongchu su∙piljok.

Di badidaknajok, basak ron∙epilnajok,

Adatangan re∙babujok, chabitangko ra∙ebujok.

Nok-ko tekna man∙jaoba, bangbang donna nanguba,

Jong Mikkim dongenba, nampilajok hi∙aba.

Di dakudi namnua, ian melibatnua,

IIT Gate-ona re∙baua, anga ra∙ange on∙ua.

Di ong∙arijokba, na∙an re∙bamanjokba,

Anga an∙tangariba, nang∙na ra∙ange on∙jokba.

Ripeng Namtea

Ripeng baju namtea,

Katta ku·bimik knatoa;

Wakeng ku·keng ku·gepja,

Ku·eng ku·chok botpaja.

Mikkangode namane,

Simsakbone Dambe-ne.

Mikkrem mikjap dakbea,

Ku·misi ku·misa ra·pila;

Mikgitching mikpakma donpil·e,

Mikreng miktong nirongretpile;

Golpomikkane jinmaone,

Mikkrakbone Dambe-ne.

Jakjip jaksi reprepe,

An·tang nangrok dangtape;

Nachilkolona rang·san gongjole,

Nang·na chake biko gale;

Chi·mikene rentanawane,

Nang·ko cha·na Dambe-ne.

Mittin noksam nokgillo,

Chel·tang noksul songsulo;

Niokane nang mata pariko,

Galonna salonna man·ako;

Jelatgene a·sakna ku·jole,

Dambe-ne, simsakbee dongbone.

Ma∙skima

Angsi jomi dongonga,

Saksan a∙ba re∙matja.

A∙ba sampangkuri dikpripa,

Samjil dangna rang∙sokja.

Ka∙saa namkalongama, sajima grankal∙angongjokma,

Ka∙sin anga de∙chaatna, dimbrengkal∙e dandanda.

Angsi nang∙na ra∙bara, minil chaming cha∙etpa.

Ku∙sa ku∙gni du∙atna, be∙en bilakba∙kanna.

Jawan dakgamongjokma,

Samman balnangongjokma.

Miba cha∙o cha∙napja,

Chiba ringo ringnapja.

Jamba rikna man∙kuja,

Salbarako neng∙kama.

Mikka balwa rakba∙a,

Ha∙sil jamcha katkuna.

Angsi saja jomjaodi,

Jakra bamil matchotgni.

Be∙en mangrakpa∙odi,

Akgni sukko man∙pagni.

*****

Ortorang:

angsi - segipa

sampangkuri - a∙ba dikgipa samsi jatsa

samjil - samjiljil, samsi jatsa

grankal∙angongjokma - komikal∙angengjokma

ha∙sil - a∙bao cha∙pagipa nokgipin, jean hiri sima apsangrika.

jakra - a•bao skanggipa samsirang pikani ba dangani.
bamil - skanggipa samsi danga ba•chotani ja•mano samsi dangai

Miksongani:

      Ia poem ma∙skimani, jikgipa segipani ru∙utbee sakamani gimin duk ong∙bee skime an∙tangtang golpoenga. A∙ba samsi dikpripani gimin a∙ba re∙angnade sikbea indiba segipako nokko saksan galangmatskaja. Indake jikgipa, segipana simsakbee una ka∙sabee duk ong∙bee una pringo cha minil ra∙bae setangna du∙engon segipani saaniko namkalangama namkaja∙enga, ua sing∙a.

      Ua duk ong∙tinge, segipako sam jawa sam kal∙akengama ineba chanchiman∙pilenga. Indaken ua skimbee mikoba chikoba cha∙napja ringnapjaha. Segipa saani a∙selo jamatdal, a∙bao neng∙taknaba rikna matchotjaha aro sal rakko mikka wao indakpil∙e neng∙nikaniko man∙aha. Indake ua saksan a∙ba re∙ango, mikka balwa rakba∙ode a∙ba noksulni jamchina katnapna nangbeachim. Ua segipa an∙seng baljoke dongode katchae dongna man∙genchim ine ma∙ringaha.

Meghalaya - Brief

            Meghalaya is a beautiful hill state and is highly blessed with diversified topography. It is bounded by Assam on the North & East, and on the South and West by Bangladesh. It has a mixed culture with a number of tribes with three major tribes: Khasi, Garo and Jaintia all of which follow a matrilineal system where women are the owners of the property. Meghalaya is also one of the North Eastern parts of India which was not reigned by Mughals.

The people are simple and hospitable. Agriculture is the most primitive occupation. The major mineral resources are coal, limestone and glass-sand. The principal agricultural products are rice, maize, cotton, orange, ginger, banana, and pineapple. Rice is believed to be originated in Garo Hills.

If you are planning to explore Meghalaya, then get mesmerized by the green-carpeted mountains, natural terrains, and the sound of raindrops. Extremely beautiful adorned with natural beauty and natural climatic conditions, Meghalaya has always been one of the most sought destinations for tourists.

It has two national parks that are Balpakram National Park and Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, both are situated in Garo Hills and has four Wildlife Sanctuaries.[1] There are also many well-known caves: the first 10 of the 11 longest and deepest caves are situated in Meghalaya. Krem Liat Prah (30.957 km) in Jaintia Hills is the longest natural cave in India, Krem Puri in Mawsynram in East Khasi Hills is the longest sandstone cave (24.5 km) in the world and second longest in India in general category discovered recently (in 2016) and made renowned in March 2018 and Siju Cave in Garo Hills is popular for bats inhabitant.

Temperature is moderate throughout the year, largely controlled by monsoon & seasonal winds; and Shillong popularly referred as ‘the Scotland of the East’ has never experienced 30 ⁰C. Mawsynram (Cherrapunji) has been credited as the wettest place on earth. Mawlynnong village (in East Khasi Hills) is Asia’s cleanest village. Amindagre, the cleanest village of Garo Hills is comparable to Mawlynnong and has created a legacy with wood and stone crafts. In 2011, the village bagged the Nirmal Gram Puraskar.

Some of the popular tourists destinations are: Balpakram-the land of perpetual winds, Nokrek Biosphere which is a home to a very rare citrus species Me∙mang Narang, orange of the spirits considered to be the most progenitor of all other varieties of citrus plants, Selbagre Hoolock Gibbon Reserve, where the only tailless ape can be found in India, Siju Bird Santuary, Chibragre an ideal picnic spot, Mawsmai Cave, Sohra Cherrapunji, Mawphlang Sacred Grove, Jarai Pitcher Plant Lake, the natural habitat of the carnivorus pitcher plant-Nephenthes Khasiana the only nepenthes species native to India, Jakrem hot spring-believed to have curative medicinal properties, Nohkalikai Falls, Elephant Falls, Dawki and Shillong peak.

Shillong Golf Course prides being one of the oldest, largest and finest natural golf circuits in the world. Don Bosco Museum one of Asia’s finest museums (on the promotion of indigenous and tribal cultures). Nongkhnum Island-the second biggest river island in Asia after Majuli Island in Assam.

Apart from being the abode to tourists, Meghalaya has transformed itself to be the education hub of the northeast. Some of the few elite education centres are St. Edmund’s School, St. Anthony’s college and school, Don Bosco College, IIM Shillong and NEHU. English is the official language of the state & medium of teaching in schools, colleges, and universities.

The major festivals are Shad Suk Mynsiem Dance - the religious ritual of Khasi tribe, Behdienkhlam - a colourful religious festival of Jaintia tribe that signifies the driving away of evil by wooden sticks and Wangala Festival - a post-harvest thanksgiving festival to the sun god of fertility Misi Saljong by the Garos.

Coming to connectivity - it has two airports: Umroi Airport and Baljek Airport, one railway station Mendipathar railway station in the western parts of the state. The state is easily accessible through roads which are smooth and well-connected.

---

[1]Baghmara Pitcher Plant Wildlife Sanctuary, Nongkhyllem Wildlife Sanctuary, Siju Wildlife Sanctuary, Narpuh Wildlife Sanctuary.

Count to three

Let us all count to three;
and vote for CHANGE,
by intense study of the tree
that imparts stability to longer range.

Look carefully at the tributary brook,

That quenches the thirst of every livelihood.
To him, concealed with vain words, never ever; 
and not being tempted to a filthy lucre.

Let us count one, two, three;

Choose wisely to be truly free.
Let us be still for a second and breathe, 
and proceed for the one with quality seed.

Meaning of the context:

Tree, brook (here): candidate, desired person, proposed leader

Longer range (here): that can reach to the needs of far and near, the poor and the rich;

Lucre: Gain in money or goods; profit; riches, often in a negative sense.

Janggi Chiripram (Purgatory)

         Ma·gipa Katholik mondoli, Rongtalgipa Sastro-o pangchake janggi chiripram donga ine bebera·a aro skia. Ia bebera·ani songsarek ba pagan-rangni rokkomario bebera·anirangmung apsangrikani dongja aro ning·tubee dingtanga. Ma·gipa Katholik-ni janggi chiripram-o bebera·ani aro sianggimin janggirangna bi·chakaniara (All Souls’ Day) gun gnanggipa aro orto gnanggipa ong·a. Sianggimin janggirangna bi·chakaniara, ning·tubee Sastro-o pangchakesa bebera·ani aro dakbewalani ong·a.

        Pap Isolna mitchigipa aro nidikbegipa ong·a, indiba skimpil·e kema am·on Isolni kema watako man·e gital ong·taia.  Pap dingtangmancha minggni bak donga: Signi pap (Mortal sins) aro ramram pap (Venial sins). Ramram pap gnang sianggon, mandeni janggi joljol salgiona re·angja maina marang gnanggipa janggi salgiona napna man·ja (Par 21: 27).

Niam gitchamo pangchakani:

Sastro-o ma·chake janggi chiripram-o bebera·aniko adita uiatangko sualna skangba, [i]Pope Leo X-ni seng·begipa Martin Luther-ni jeanina: “Purgatory cannot be proved from Sacred Scripture which is in the Canon” jeko pe·skaode “Janggi chiripram-ni gimin jean Canon Law-o dongachim, uko Rongtalgipa Sastro-o talatani aro mesokani gri”, uni aganchakaniko janapna ska [Exsurge Domine (June 15, 1520)]. Pope Leo rongtalen aganchaka, “It is clear that Scripture itself is sufficient to prove the existence of Purgatory” jeko aganska∙ode, “Sastro-o mangmangan, janggi chiripram dongchongmota ine mesokna chu·onga”

2 Mak 12: 46 “Uni giminan ua paprangna on∙anina tangkako chimongaha, jedakode sigiminrang uamangni paprangoniko jokatako man∙gen”       [ba “It is therefore a holy and wholesome thought to pray for the dead, that they may be loosed from sins”]

Ia Sastro-ni bak-o (2Mak 12: 46), p’lakni janggiande siani ja·mano joljol rang·san sida salgichina ba norokchina re·anggijaniko sakki on·a, indiba mittam janggirang biap damsa-o adita somoina donganiko mesoka. Jeni janggirangan salgichi ong·manaha, bi·chakaniko nangja maina salgio sakna·anian gri. Arobatai, jeni janggirangan norokchi ong·manaha uamangni janggiba uandakgipa bi·chakaoniko man·dapaniko man·jawa maina norokni wal·sareoni jokani dongja, uan jringjrotna sastisa. Uni gimin indake aganani, ‘that they may be loosed from their sins’ ba ‘jedakode sigiminrang uamangni paprangoniko jokatako man·gen’, ingipa katta janggi chiripram donganiko mangsonga.

Niam Gital-oni pangchakani:

Sastro-o Niam Gital-ni bakrangoba ia 2Mak 12: 46 baksana apsane pangchakaniko, biap ge·sa dongani gimin jeon janggini moilako rongtalatani aro su·srangani donga ine janapanikoba nikna man·a. Rt. Pitor aro Rt. Paul sakgnian ‘rongtalatani’ ba ‘niani’ uko ‘rongtalatani wa·al’ (cleansing fire) baksa tosusae aganaha. Rongtalgipa Pitor uni skanggipa chittio, a·gilsakko tangengmitingo rongtalatani aro su·srangani gimin agana:

1 Pit 1: 6-7 “Da∙o na∙simang dikdiksana, ma∙manti dakmajoarangchi duk man∙oba, iano na∙simang katchabo. Wa∙alchi nigimin gimagnigipa sonana bate na∙simangni bebera∙ani gamchatbata. Uni gimin Jisu Kristo-ko parape∙on, mitela, rasong aro mandera∙ako man∙a gita, na∙simangba niako man∙a nanga”  [ba “There is cause for joy, then, even though you may, for a time, have to suffer many trials. Thus will your faith be tested, like gold in a furnace. Gold, however, passes away but faith, worth so much more, will bring you in the praise, glory and honour when Jesus Christ appears”

Uibegipa Rt. Paul, 1Kor 3:13-15 sea chittio-ba, siani ja·mano janggiko rongtalatani biap dongani aro miksonganikoba agana:

1 Kor 3: 13-15 “13Uamang sakantioni kam unsalo parak ong∙gen; maina wa∙alchi sakantini kamko Maironga nigen, aro wa∙al an∙tangan uko parape∙gen. 14Ia pangchakani kosako rikgimin jeni kam dongkama, ua dormahako man∙gen. 15Saniba kamko kamtokode, gima·ani unin ong∙gen; indiba wa∙aloni naljoka gita ua jokatako man∙kugen”            [ba “13the work of each one will be shown for what it is. The day of Judgement will reveal it, because the fire will make everything known. The fire will test the work of everyone. 14If your work withstands the fire, you will be rewarded; 15but if your work becomes ashes, you will pay for it. You will be saved, because it will be as if passing through fire”]

Janggi Chiripram-o rongtalatani:

Ia Rongtalgipa Sastro-o skianio, a·bachengaonin ma·gipa torom bebera·baenga. Rt. Paul-ni uni chittio aganenggipa, ‘indiba wa·aloni naljoka gita ua jokatako man· kugen’ (‘You will be saved’ ba mitam pe·anio ‘but he himself shall be saved), norokni wal·sarekode miksongja maina norokni wa·alara jringjrotni wa·alsa/sastisa. Maina je darangan, jeni janggian, kimitna aro jrongatna amgijagipa namgijagipa kamni gimin norokona galonatako man·gipa mamung saloba naljoktaijawa aro jokatako man·jawa. Rt. Paul ia agananioba salgikoba miksongja·enga maina salgio sastirang (/wa·al) aro dukrang dongjaha. Uni gimin, Rt. Paulni miksonganiara, toromni bebera·anio aro skianio gita (doctrines of the church), jeni janggirangan ia a·gilsakko watangani ja·mano, uni janggi, janggi chiripramram-ona donatako/watatako man·a, aro ua janggi uni pap-ni kri rongtalatako aro su·srangatako man·esa, salgiona jokata-niko mangsonga. Indiba maina janggiara, janggi chiripram-ona re·anga? Iana sing·anina parape·a ki·tapo aganchaka: “…marang gnanggipa rongtalgijako aro mitchigniko dakgiparang maming dakeba uano napjawa…” ba “…nothing unclean shall enter heaven…” (Par 21:27). Uni gimin, rongtalataniko nangenggipa janggirangsan janggi chiripram-ona watatako man·a aro norokona watatako man·gipa janggirang mamung saloba janggi chiripram-ona re·angja.

Jisu re·bagnigipa chasongo kema ka·ani gimin agana:

            Jisu an·tangba, Mati 12: 31-32-o, ia a·gilsak-o kema watani gimin (1Pit 1: 6-7) aro re·bagnigipa chasongoba kema watani gimin (1Kor 3: 13-15) aganprakaha. [Christ himself speaks of forgiveness in this age (here on earth) and in the world to come].

Mati 12: 31-32 “31Iani giminan anga na∙simangna agana, manderangni p’lak pap aro kal∙stapaniko kema ka∙gen; indiba Gisik Rongtalgipani kosako kal∙stape agangipako kema ka∙jawa. 32Mandeni depanteni kosako agangipako kema ka∙gen; indiba Gisik Rongtalgipani kosako agangipako ia chasongba, re∙bagnigipa chasongba kema ka∙jawa”          [ba “31And so I tell you this: people can be forgiven any sin and any evil thing they say against God, but blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven. 32The one who speaks against the son of Man, will be forgiven; but the one who speaks against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven, either in this age or in the age to come”]

Mandeni janggi joljol salgiona ba norokona re·angenchimode, re·bagnigipa chasongoba kema ka·ani dongna kraja aro kema ka·ani dongjawa. Re·bagnigipa chasongo kema ka·ani dongjagenchimode, maina Jisu Kristo ‘re·bagnigipa chasongoba kema ka·jawa’ ingipa skianiko janapaha? Uni gimin, daka kam cholon-ni kri ia a·gilsakoba rongtalatako man·a aro jean Isolni ka·saanio ramram pap gnang siangahachim, re·bagnigipa chasongoba (sianggani ja·manoba) rongtalataniko man·aniko mangsonga.

[ii]Indiba bebera·gijagiparang indake agana, “Janggi chiripram-ko Sastro-oniko nikna man·ja” ba “The word purgatory is nowhere found in Scripture’’. Bebean Sastro-oniko ‘Purgatory’ katta-ko nikna man·ja, indiba purgatory (janggi chiripram) dongja ine mangsongskaja aro Katholik mondoli janggi chiripram donga ine skia aro bebera·a. Katta ‘Trinity’ (/Isol sanno sakgittam)-koba Sastro-o nikna man·ja indiba Isol sanno sakgittam donga ine bebera·a. Apsan dake, purgatory (janggi chiripram ba rongtalatani biap) donga ine bebera·na Sastro-o sakkirang chu·onga aro janggi chiripram-ni gimin torom-ni skiani-ara (doctrine of purgatory), Sastro-o aro dakbewala-nio pangchaka gnangsa ong·a.

All Souls’ Day:

            Rongtalgipa Satro-o aro dakbewal-o (tradition) pangchake, Katholik torom All Souls’ Day salo, sianggiminrangni janggiko dingtangmancha gisik ra·ronga aro uamangni janggina bi·chakaniko dakronga. All Souls’ Day-ko bilsini November 2 tariko mania. Gopram mania ine aganon, an·ching Katholik-rang gopramko manija aro sigimin-ni manggisikoba olakija. Indiba sigimin janggiko gisik ra·an baksana, uni janggi Isolni kema ka·aniko nangkuenga ong·ode, kema wataniko man·chinasa ia a·gilsako tangkuenggipa Kristianrang Isolo mol·mole bi·chaka. All Souls’ Day sianggiminrangna, jemangan salgiona rimchaksoako man·kujachim uamangna bi·chakna dingtangmancha dongimin sal ong·a. Sawarang janggi chiripram-ona re·angako man·a? [iii]Jean Isolni ka·saanio sianggahachim, indiba ia a·gilsakko tangengmitingo chu·onga gita paprangoni saja wataniko man·jachim, uamangni janggi janggi chiripramo-na re·anga. Jeni janggirangan ramram pap (venial sins) gnang siangahachim, janggi chiripramo rongtalataniko man·a aro ia rongtalatani norokni sasti baksa apsanja. Janggi chiripramara, bon·kamgipa biap ong·ja. Janggi chiripram-ona re·anggipa, changsao salgio jringjrotni katcha·aniko man·chongmotgen. Janggi chiripramo paprangni sajako rongtalatani matchotahaon, salgiona rimchaksoaniko man·a. Janggi chiripram-ara Isolni ka·saaniko, p’lak moila-oniko janggiko Isolni rongtalatna sikbeaniko aro salgio Un baksa an·chingko katchapa·atna sikbeaniko mesoka. Ma·gipa mondoli, november jaa-ko janggi chiripram-o dongenggiparangna bi·chakna (prayer for the Holy Souls in Purgatory) donaha. A·bachengaonin Kristian-rang sianggiminrangni janggi-na bi·chakaniko dakba·enga. Uni gimin Kristian-rang Missa bolio, Rosary bi·anio aro dingtang dingtang bi·anirangchi sigiminrangni janggina an·ching bi·chaka.

---

[i]  Catholic Answers; tract; Purgatory

[ii]  ThoughtCo; Scott P. Richert; Purgatory in the Old and New Testaments; March 8, 2017

[iii]  Ref. CCC 1030 - 1032                                                                                                                                                                                                  

Sarong

"Na·aba sarong kal·paama skanggo chonnengmitinggo?" Jatni mingsa nambegipa kal·paanikoba 'skanggo chonmitinggo' inesa da·oara sing·na nangskabaengaha. Sarong kal·ani aro gipin A·chik bi·sarangni rokkomari kal·aniranggan jumang gita aro golpoarigitasa ong·skaengjok. Aiaa! namen duknisajok.


.

S Sarong: Rongbongachi chobaiengga arong, kal·anirangoni mingsa jakchi kal·ani ong·a. Iako jaksamsachisan kal·rongbata. Ia sarong, kal·na namen nambea aro kal·na kal·tobea. Iako mongsongbate 1980 ba 1990-ni bi·sarang kal·rongbata aro dal·giminrangba gisep-gipu somoirangode kal·paronga. Bi·sarang mongsongbate a·mang to·ommao ba an·cheng gnang so·omgipa biaprango, wilwile asongbil·dake dawakwak dake ba atchong chong·chrote meliatang kusitango wekweke golpoe kal·tokrongbea.

Ia kal·aniko noko, babilchio, kasari / kachario, sa·ra-a·tilao, balim-nokkrao, andipeo aro bang·a je biapoba kal·na nambea. Uandake kal·na namnamgipa biaprangara songni aro noksamni te·brong aro kentri (/che·eng) bipang ja·tingranggoba salakim ka·sinbeani gimin, bi·sa jinma tro-tang baksa jinnonggenba kal·ronga. Indaken ia kal·aniba, songni nokni bi·sa di·sa gimikkon chetchet-chatchat damsan tom·chimongatani ong·achim. Indake jinma asongdawile, asongbil·dakke, atchonbel·bikke, warekrek tom·betbet kal·ako ninaba namen ritibingbing nitopil·achim.

Sarong-ara, mongsongbate jakni ba jakchi kal·anisan ong·a aro uko jaksamsachisan kal·rongbata. Gora sarong aro banggal sarong-ode jak samgnikoba jakkale kal·skaa. Sarong, bimungni kri ro·ongko jakkale ro·ongchin kal·ani ong·a. Bi·sarang an·tangna jakam chakna kragipa ro·ong chonnako chimongrongga. Ro·ongko nama kal·tonagipako ( /size-ko) sandienba kolamma aro man·teljaode dal·kalgipa ro·ong rong·chrakranggoniko dokpeenba tariskaa. Mitamrang rong·chrakko jakkala aro gipinrangra chiringoniko namnamma rong·chi gisim ba rong·kabokko baiani aro tam·bing tam·bing jrimdikdik kal·tobeana kolammenba donrongskaa. Indake kolamgimin ro·ongkon suale ra·ronnean kal·rongbata aro basakobasan ro·ontangtangko jakkalaia. Ro·ong kal·toako man·telja nikteljaode je ramrammari pildeng pilchok ro·ongkoba, alamala kal·na namkalako kal·galgalna sikbeako chakna chaktojaenba jakkalaia. 

Sarong-ko ripeng sakgni, sakgittam aro jegita sakba asongdawileke kal·rongbata. Basakkobade mittam bi·sarang baju ripeng dongjaode saksanba kal·skae roaia. Ia kal·anio sakgipin jaja·ate kal·akna man·ja aro uni maibaka·e siakosan sengtime nirike dongaia. Sarongko, saksan sia sijana kingking saksanba dondikgija kal·aia. Basakobade, saniba kal·na saptinggipa changtingbee sininggija jarimprettange kal·jokkode sakgippin susapagiparangde aratpil·eba, gale katnaba namja inenba nimikkuakke dongpilnaba nangpilachim.

Iako dol (/team) dakeba ba saksan saksan dake kal·na man·a. Dol dake susa·anio sangma marak, gittim gittimprak, ka·ma kosak, dal·kalgipa chonkalgipa, me·a me·chik dake aro je gita namnikatang mikchaatang dol ka·e bal·ekenba a·dinggenba, susa·e an·senge chrike ka·dinge sal somoirangko re·atronga. Indake dal·a chonna p'lak kambi dudrengba·gipa gimikkon katchae tom·chimmongjoljol golpo-al·ap joljol songni gittimni manderangkoba meli-ma·gapataoba ong·atronggachim. 

Sarong kal·ani badita ming bak donga?

Sarong mongsongbatede mingbonga donga aro sarong-kosan bang·aan kal·rongbata aro ma·sibata. Uarangra:

1.     Sarong

2.     Gora sarong

3.     Jakjip ba jakkip
4.     Kotchu gora sarong aro

5.     Banggal sarong.

Ua jat-rokkom mingbonga kal·arangoni sarong-ko kal·tokbatronga jean niam ba kal·ani rokkom bang·batja. Uni ja·manora jakjip aro gora sarongkoba kal·ronga. Banggal sarong ingipakode kal·tokbrerongja aro arata inenba jegalrongtoka. Gora sarong aro banggal sarong-ode jak samgnikoba gipepode jakkale kal·a.

Niamrang:

A nga mongsongbate skanggipani niamkosan iano janapna namnikbea jekon bang·an kal·na me·sunikbata. Jolni kri kal·ani niamrangban bang·bea aro on·ti minti dakerangba dingtanggrikal·a; indiba asolgipa niamrangde apsan dakgrikaia aro bang·  Sarongko, ro·ong rongbongga ba rongsni-chi kal·a; basakoba changgiparang rongsku-ba jakkalskaa. Bang·an rongsni-chi kal·na namniktokbea. Rongbongga-chira agrepil·e dontonggija ru·ute kal·na man·ani gimin namniktokrongja, indiba mitamrangde rongbongggachin kal·ronggaia. Anga an·tangde rongbonggachide aratmanchaa. Rongbongga aro rongsnina niamrangde apsannangaia aro bang·ede dingtangja.

 Sarong rongsni-ni niamrangko ka·mao point-rang gnang gisik ra·atna namnikbea. Indiba skanggipa general niam-ko aganchengna. A·bachengnade namnikatang seoke sanoniba a·bachengaia. Kal·ani gimikoan ro·ongrangko jak samsanno rim·chimonge mikkangtango gochraa ba gojilwaka. Gochraani ja·mano rongsako kolamchenga aro godoe rim·sona jakkala. Banoba ro·ong chapchapa ba nangdimma donggenchimode ronggipinko il·enggatgija, nanggatgija aro mojimatgija kolammenba kal·na nangchongmota. Ronggipinko nanggaton sia ba an·tangni kal·angkuani cholko dontongge sakgippinna pakwatna nangskaa.

Gimik kal·anion kolchimongge aro jakpao jaktomchengesa gojrachenga aro chobaiani somoiomangmangsan gojrana nangja. (Gojraani ja·mano skanggipa ro·ongko kolamchenggipako ro·ong1 ine donna anga sikbea). Ro·ong1-ko godoenba a·ao donggipako kolenba ga·akatgija rim·sona nanga. (Ua gitchakchi segipakode saniba bi·sani sul sale aganna gitasa aganbone, dikdiksa wagam rammatnaro, neba ne: ''Godogipa ro·ong1-ko rim·sona man·gija ga·akgitode sia channahane''). Gojraani ja·mano, skanggipa ro·ongko kolammani ja·mano kal·ani niamrangko ka·mao sulsul on·a:

a. Sarong: Iano rongdok dongkuenggipako, rongprakprak dakenba rongprakkon kolamma; changdokna ro·ong1-ko godoenba a·aoniko ge·prak ge·prak kolammenba godogipa ro·ong1-ko rim·soa.

b. Gnirong: Iano rongdok dongkuenggipako, a·aoniko ronggniprak dakenba changgittamna kolammenba ro·ong1-ko godoenba rim·soa.

c. Gittamrong: Iano rongdok dongkuenggipako, a·aoniko ronggittamprak dakenba changgnina kolammenba ro·ong1-ko godoenba rim·soa.

d. Brirong: Iano rongdok dongkuenggipako, a·aoniko rongbri aro ronggni dakenba changgnina kolammenba ro·ong1-ko godoenba rim·soa.

e.  Bongarong: Iano rongdok dongkuenggipako, a·aoniko rongbonga aro rongsa dakenba  changgnina kolammenba  ro·ong1-ko godoenba rim·soa.

f.  Pidu: Iano, rongsni ro·ongko rim·chimonggenba, ro·ong1-ko jaksi bima aro jaksi otra gisepo rim·kepe godoenba, rongdokgipako a·ao gop done, godogipako rim·sochenga. Changsatai, rim·sogipa ro·ong1-ko godotaienba, a·ao donggipa rongdokko bik ta·rake rim·chopenba,  ga·akatgija godogipa ro·ong1-ko rim·sotaia.

g. Chobaia: Iano, rongsni gimikkon jakpao rim·chimongge on·titi godoenba bik ta·rake jakko an·pilenba jakpa janggilo sachaka ba ra·chaka. Aro badita rong jakpa janggilo bingbanggipa ro·ongko go·doenba bik dake jakpatangko an·piltaienba, jakpatango rim·kipsotaia. Ga·akatgija jakpao rim·sona man·gipakon rongprakko game-na channaba tik ka·sogimin channaniona (/ jekai kolgrik ba kolatchi-ona) channa.

          Mitamrang komibeoba jakpa janggilo ro·ong ronggittam ba rongbride man·a nangtela inenba niamrangko donna ong·jaode sia channaia. 

Indake chobaiani ja·mano sarong-oni sia sijana kingking kal·taitaia. 
           Changgipin kal·taiaona chol sokbajokkoa, mitamrangde sarongonin kal·piltaia indiba sakgipinrangara jeon siachim unonin kal·piltaina niamko donna. 

Mitamrangde sasti gnangba kal·pila: Hai, maidakgipa sastirangba dongpila ma·sie ra·angskana. Basakkobade gisikrangba sakgipini kal·ako niriktingean ba agan-ka·dinge bekbeke bel·bele rotingenba, an·tangni badiao siachim uko chanchitaitaioba gisik ra·ja aro jamangrongga. Unon darangba susapagiparanggoni ua uandakgipao siachim inenba aganrongja aro ka·sachakbruja. Haha! Indiba alamala gisik ra·kande cholko on·brua, gojilwake badiao siachim ro·ongrangni maidake dongea gitan chanchichippanade on·rongbrua. Indake, indakgipao anga sia ine chanchippenba kal·anggon maibakae siatangoni kal·dikmanja ong·ode, uanode ua sijachim ine agannenba sastina gita mitamranggara saronggonin uko kal·piltaiata. Indiba mitam niamranggode, ua wilwile kal·anio una sokbagipa cholko kal·na on·ja aro chanchichipe kal·anggiminko dondippe matu matu dakrike watatna (ba pass ka·atna) nangskaa aro changgippin chol sokbataijokkosa kal·taina man·aia. 

Game kaani aro enggani niam:

G

ame kaani niamrang kal·giparangni kri dingtang dingtang niamrang bang·bea aro dingtangmancha niamde dongrongbreja. Indiba game kaani donsogimin channani ba point-ona ong·rongbata jekai 20, 50 ba 100-o gamesa ong·a ine channa. Dol gni ong·on game kagrikna aro enggrikna altubea. Indiba dol ge·gittam ba una bate dol bang·on sako kachenggen aro sani kaako engchenggen man·dikala. Uni gimin altubatna gita sulsul wilwile jakkrachipak donggipa dolko game kajoljolchengga. Aro enganiban sulsul jakkra gita re·anggesan an·tangni kaa man·a cha·anikoba enga. 

--------------*****-------------*****------------

(Edit ka·kuenga...)